As scientists continue to go deeper into the root of issues that cause cancer, they have taken another step forward and closer to solving the problem of being able to come up with a cure, with the recent discovery of a genome that control specific cancer cells.
In a recent publication from Science Advances, researchers from Mayo Clinic were able to isolate findings on how a specific transcription factor known as FOXA1 is able to identify cancer-specific genomes and how it is responsible for regulating gene expression with several different types of cancer cell varieties.
The research team indicated that they used gene-editing methods for an in-depth study of this unique binding process of the protein that is responsible for gene expression regulation and could lead to further studies with would ultimately allow researchers to isolate these cancer lines and even possibly eliminate it at the cellular level.
The researchers began their work by using a type of sequencing technology that allowed processing large numbers of genomes and see how FOXA1 targets the genes using two different cancer types, breast cancer cells and liver/prostate cancer cells.
The process allowed researchers to observe how the FOXA1 was able to regulate gene expression as it was binding itself to the cancer-specific cells and controlling the process by which specific cancer types and how they develop.
Their landmark findings would someday lead to deeper studies into cancer research and may eventually lead to possible measures in identifying cancer cells way before it begins to metastasize.
The National Cancer Institute reports that by 2016 there will be an estimated 1,685,210 new cases of cancer will be in the United States, projecting around 595,690 deaths.
Among the most common cancers in the US are breast cancer, brochial and lung cancer, prostate cancer, colo-rectal cancer, bladder cancer, skin cancer, lymphoma, thyroid cancer, renal pelvic and kidney cancer, leukemia, endometrial cancer and pancreatic cancer.
Worldwide, cancer also tops the list among the leading causes of deaths in 2012, there were a total of 14 million new cases, with 8.2 million cancer-related deaths tallied.
Within the next 20 years, new cancer cases are expected to rise to 22 million, with more than 60 percent of the world’s new cases will be coming from Africa, Asia, Central and South America. 70 percent of the world’s casualties due to cancer will be coming from these regions.
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